HUMANIST GALAXY OF SECULAR SCIENCE STARS: DANIEL EVERETT 7-7-21

ALPHABETICAL BRAIN™ VOCABULARY
HUMANIST GALAXY
OF SECULAR SCIENCE STARS
DANIEL EVERETT
July 7, 2021

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HOW LANGUAGE BEGAN:
The Story of Humanity's
Greatest Invention
by Daniel Leonard Everett.
Liveright Publications/W. W. Norton,
2017 (i-xviii, 330 pages)

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BOOK OUTLINE
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LIST OF FIGURES (xi-

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS (xiii-

PREFACE (xix-

INTRODUCTION (1-

PART 1 — THE FIRST HOMININS ()

1) RISE OF THE HOMININS

2) THE FOSSIL HUNTERS

3) THE HOMININS DEPART

4) EVERYONE SPEAKS LANGUAGES OF SIGNS

PART 2 — HUMAN BIOLOGICAL ADAPTATIONS FOR LANGUAGE ()

5) HUMANS GET A BETTER BRAIN

6) HOW THE BRAIN MAKES LANGUAGE POSSIBLE

7) WHEN THE BRAIN GOES WRON

8) TALKING WITH TONGUES

PART 3 — THE EVOLUTION OF LANGUAGE FORM ()

9) WHERE GRAMMAR CAME FROM

10) TALKING WITH THE HANDS

11) JUST GOOD ENOUGH

PART 4 — CULTURAL EVOLUTION OF LANGUAGE ()

12) COMMUNITIES AND COMMUNICATION

CONCLUSION (291-

SUGGESTED READING (293-

NOTES (302-

INDEX (309-

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AUTHOR NOTE, SUMMARY,
AND BOOK DESCRIPTION
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AUTHOR NOTE = Daniel L. Everett is dean of arts and sciences at Bentley University. He has held appointments in linguistics and/or anthropology at the University of Campinas, the University of Pittsburgh, the University of Manchester, and Illinois State University.

SUMMARY = The book provides a sweeping history and comprehensive examination of the evolutionary story of language, from the earliest speaking attempts by hominids to the more than seven thousand languages that exist today. It ultimately explains what we know, what we would like to know, and what we likely never will know about how humans went from mere communication to language.

BOOK DESCRIPTION = Mankind has a distinct advantage over other terrestrial species: we talk to one another! But how did we acquire the most advanced form of communication on Earth? Everett debunks long-held theories by some of history's greatest thinkers, from Plato to Chomsky. The book, which is based on nearly forty years of fieldwork, is an invaluable study of what makes us human.

Although fossil hunters and linguists have brought us closer to unearthing the true origins of language, The discoveries of Daniel L. Everett, a "bombshell" linguist and "instant folk hero" (Tom Wolfe, Harper's) have upended the contemporary linguistic world, reverberating far beyond academic circles.

While conducting field research in the Amazonian rainforest, Everett came across an age-old language nestled amongst a tribe of hunter-gatherers. Challenging long-standing principles in the field, he now builds on the theory that language was not intrinsic to our species. In order to truly understand the origins of language, he believes that a more interdisciplinary approach is needed: one that accounts as much for our propensity for culture as it does for our biological makeup. Language began, Everett theorizes, with the species, Homo Erectus, who catalyzed words through culturally invented symbols.

Early humans incorporated gestures and voice intonations to communicate, as their brains grew larger. All of the vocalizations built on each other for 60,000 generations. Tracing crucial shifts and developments across the ages, Everett breaks down every component of speech, from harnessing control of more than a hundred respiratory muscles in the larynx and diaphragm, to mastering the use of the tongue.

Moving on from biology to psycho-social execution, Everett explores why elements such as grammar and storytelling are not nearly as critical to language as one might suspect. In the book's final section, "Cultural Evolution of Language", he takes the frequently-debated "language gap" to task, delving into the chasm that separates "us" from "the animals."

Everett approaches the subject from various disciplines, including anthropology, neuroscience, and archaeology. He revealed that it was social complexity, as well as cultural, physiological, and neurological superiority, that allowed humans — with our clawless hands, breakable bones, and soft skin — to become the apex predator!

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Use the following link to see another book about the history of language that is also by Daniel Everett:

Click or Tap Link for Outline and Reviews

LANGUAGE:
The Cultural Tool

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Introduction - Section 2 - Details
WHAT DOES THE ALPHABETICAL
BRAIN™ SYMBOL MEAN?

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